Research published in nature Researchers at Duke University School of Medicine have identified a new way in which G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), the target of about one-third of FDA-approved drugs, control signaling within cells.
The researchers found that beta-arrestin proteins, which regulate GPCR activity, can form liquid-like clusters known as condensates at both baseline and near activated receptors. These droplet-like structures act as hubs that organize signaling molecules in space and time.
Our research shows that these receptors signal in ways that have not been fully appreciated until now. This is important because it suggests new and potentially druggable ways to target GPCR signaling. ”
Sudarshan Rajagopal, MD; senior writer, Associate Professor of Medicine
Using imaging, protein interaction assays, and functional studies, the researchers, including MD student Preston Anderson, who conducted the dissertation study, showed that disruption of these condensates alters GPCR signaling and receptor internalization, directly linking structure to function.
This discovery helps explain how just two β-arrestin proteins can control hundreds of GPCRs and points to condensates as a new mechanism for fine-tuning cellular communication.
Because GPCRs are involved in conditions ranging from shock to heart disease to asthma, this study suggests new strategies for designing more targeted treatments.
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Reference magazines:
Anderson, P.J. and others. (2026). β-Arrestin condensates modulate the function of G protein-coupled receptors. nature. DOI: 10.1038/s41586-026-10539-y. https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-026-10539-y
