Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are difficult to conduct in rural areas, but a new study from Griffith University looked at how high-quality research can be conducted when RCTs are not possible.
Dr Tanvir Kapur, from Griffith School of Medicine and Dentistry, said rural areas are challenged by smaller populations, limited infrastructure and workforce constraints.
However, because RCTs are considered the gold standard in medical research, it is essential to find ways to include rural areas, which are often underrepresented in research and health policy that often reflect evidence generated in metropolitan settings.
A method known as “targeted trial emulation” provides a rigorous and practical alternative because it uses data already collected during routine clinical practice. ”
Dr. Tanvir Kapur, Griffith School of Medicine and Dentistry
Researchers first defined what an ideal RCT would require and then replicated that design using real-world data.
This approach can generate robust, actionable evidence without the costs, delays, and logistical challenges associated with conducting traditional clinical trials that are otherwise unfeasible.
Dr. Kapur said this approach will allow for rapid and rigorous research into local health innovations such as telemedicine, workforce initiatives, and point-of-care diagnostics.
“This will ensure that policy and funding decisions are based on evidence generated in rural areas, leading to more equitable and effective health care,” he said.
“This study provides a pathway for incorporating research into daily clinical practice.
“By leveraging routinely collected data, we will support the development of learning health systems that generate timely, high-quality evidence to improve care and reduce health inequalities in rural and remote communities.”
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Reference magazines:
Kapur, T. others. (2026). Targeted trial emulation and TARGET guidelines to advance health research in rural and remote areas. Australian Medical Journal. DOI: 10.5694/mja2.70205. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.5694/mja2.70205
